Rajpurohit, K.K.RajpurohitLovisari, L.L.LovisariBOTTEON, AndreaAndreaBOTTEONJones, C.C.JonesForman, W.W.FormanO'Sullivan, E.E.O'Sullivanvan Weeren, R. J.R. J.van WeerenHyeongHan, K.K.HyeongHanBONAFEDE, AnnalisaAnnalisaBONAFEDEJee, M. J.M. J.JeeVAZZA, FrancoFrancoVAZZABRUNETTI, GianfrancoGianfrancoBRUNETTICho, H.H.ChoDomínguez-Fernández, P.P.Domínguez-FernándezStroe, A.A.StroeFinner, K.K.FinnerBrüggen, M.M.BrüggenVrtilek, J. M.J. M.VrtilekDavid, L. P.L. P.DavidSchellenberger, G.G.SchellenbergerWittman, D.D.WittmanLusetti, G.G.LusettiKraft, R.R.KraftDE GASPERIN, FrancescoFrancescoDE GASPERIN2025-05-152025-05-1520240004-637Xhttp://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12386/37132We present deep XMM-Newton, Karl G. Jansky Very Large Array, and upgraded Giant Metrewave Radio Telescope observations of Abell 746, a cluster that hosts a plethora of diffuse emission sources that provide evidence for the acceleration of relativistic particles. Our new XMM-Newton images reveal a complex morphology of the thermal gas with several substructures. We observe an asymmetric temperature distribution across the cluster: the southern regions exhibit higher temperatures, reaching ∼9 keV, while the northern regions have lower temperatures (≤4 keV), likely due to a complex merger. We find evidence of three surface brightness edges and one candidate edge, of which three are merger-driven shock fronts. Combining our new data with published LOw-Frequency ARray observations has unveiled the nature of diffuse sources in this system. The bright NW relic shows thin filaments and a high degree of polarization with aligned magnetic field vectors. We detect a density jump, aligned with the fainter relic to the north. To the south, we detect high-temperature regions, consistent with the shock-heated regions and a density jump coincident with the northern tip of the southern radio structure. Its integrated spectrum shows a high-frequency steepening. Lastly, we find that the cluster hosts large-scale radio halo emission. A comparison of the thermal and nonthermal emission reveals an anticorrelation between the bright radio and X-ray features at the center. Our findings suggest that Abell 746 is a complex system that involves multiple mergers....STAMPAenArticle10.3847/1538-4357/ad29fa2-s2.0-85191299289https://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.3847/1538-4357/ad29fahttps://api.elsevier.com/content/abstract/scopus_id/85191299289FIS/05 - ASTRONOMIA E ASTROFISICA